Diffusion of asymmetric swimmers.

The Diffusing Lung Capacity in Swimmers and Non-Swimmers: A Comparative Study

Arm coordination symmetry and breathing effect in front crawl.

This study analysed the relationships among arm coordination symmetry, motor laterality and breathing laterality during a 100-m front crawl, as a function of expertise. Ten elite swimmers (G1), 10 mid-level swimmers (G2), and 8 non-expert swimmers (G3) composed three skill groups, which were distinguished by velocity, stroke rate, stroke length, breathing frequency (BF) and the mean number of s...

Enhanced diffusion by reciprocal swimming.

Purcell's scallop theorem states that swimmers deforming their shapes in a time-reversible manner ("reciprocal" motion) cannot swim. Using numerical simulations and theoretical calculations we show here that, in a fluctuating environment, reciprocal swimmers undergo, on time scales larger than that of their rotational diffusion, diffusive dynamics with enhanced diffusivities, possibly by orders...

The large lungs of elite swimmers: an increased alveolar number?

In order to obtain further insight into the mechanisms relating to the large lung volumes of swimmers, tests of mechanical lung function, including lung distensibility (K) and elastic recoil, pulmonary diffusion capacity, and respiratory mouth pressures, together with anthropometric data (height, weight, body surface area, chest width, depth and surface area), were compared in eight elite male ...

Fluid mixing by curved trajectories of microswimmers.

We consider the tracer diffusion D(rr) that arises from the run-and-tumble motion of low Reynolds number swimmers, such as bacteria. Assuming a dilute suspension, where the bacteria move in uncorrelated runs of length λ, we obtain an exact expression for D(rr) for dipolar swimmers in three dimensions, hence explaining the surprising result that this is independent of λ. We compare D(rr) to the ...